The Proliferation of Chinese Neologisms in Modern Media

Т. A. Kanatbekovna

О. N. Yerikkyzy

Н. A. Bakytkyzy

3rd year students of the translation studies of «Turan University»

Abstract

The global media landscape is a rapidly evolving platform that plays a pivotal role in shaping ideas and discourse. In recent years, an intriguing phenomenon has come to the forefront: the extensive use of Chinese neologisms. These newly coined words and phrases offer unique insights into China’s swiftly transforming culture, technology, and society. This article explores the proliferation of Chinese neologisms in modern media.

Keywords: сhinese neologisms, modern media, language evolution, culture, technology social media, global influence, communication, linguistic innovation, cross-cultural understanding, cultural identity

Introduction. In the ever-evolving landscape of the global media, language plays a pivotal role in shaping the discourse and communication of ideas. One striking phenomenon that has gained prominence in recent years is the extensive use of Chinese neologisms in various forms of media. These newly coined words and phrases offer unique insights into China’s rapidly changing culture, technology, and society. This article delves into the phenomenon of Chinese neologisms in the media, exploring their origins, impact, and what this trend signifies about China’s global influence.

Мain part. Human society is constantly evolving and changing. Global political changes, the prosperity of the economy, the development of science and technology bring new phenomena to the extent that they are not similar to public life. For example: new structures, a new political system, a new idea, new knowledge and ingenuity, etc.

In recent seasons, especially after the active implementation of the reformatory policy of “open doors”, significant changes have taken place in the People’s Republic of China in issues related to every sphere of society: law, political system, science-culture, trade-economy, etc. Similar circumstances have influenced the widespread appearance of new words in the language fund of China. So, in China, the reform of wintering villages, first of all, lost the people’s communes, abolished the old policy that planned production in a single way, transferred land plots to each house, transferring them to the state in the prescribed amount, and he owns the rest of everything [5, pp. 30-32]. From here it is possible to demonstrate the effectiveness of the reform for the population.

Paida [Bāo chǎndào hù] – a new word has appeared that says: “let the family rise.” The policy of bringing fire to the origins increases the activity of farmers in production; one part of the peasants first got rich, and the annual income from fire reached or exceeded the “low” Chinese yuan of ten thousand dollars [wàn]. People have now delivered such a family with the help of another new name that says 万元户[wàn Yuán hù] “Tyumen smoke”. The reform of the city’s economy in China, on the other hand, allowed people to focus on trade work. Previously, such work was carried out only by the state or a collective, individuals were not allowed. Because of the above opportunity, many private families engaged in trade and public services have begun to revive. In this case, a new word was born, which did not exist before, to say “individual entrepreneur”. Since the coming years, the Chinese government has been firmly engaged in market economy. After that, the partners involved in the special business of the “firm” began to come to life in large numbers. Even without having any financial means or a permanent address. Such partners were called by the public: 皮包公司司 [píbāo gōngsī] “a firm with an empty belt.”

As shown above, many new words are being added to the vocabulary of the Chinese language. However, were these words made from a fleeting combination of hieroglyphs? Is it not or is it based on known patterns? According to the location of hieroglyphs, you can compose a word and understand its content (in the Kazakh language, the word is created through the root and divided into syllables), a grammatical feature of the Chinese language that provides huge opportunities for creating new names, words. When we pay attention to the specifics, the structure of new words in the Chinese language, we notice the presence of known patterns. Basically , they can be folded as follows:

First, new words are created directly. There are a lot of hieroglyphs in Chinese, which is very convenient for word formation. People create new words after the birth of new things, using hieroglyphs that accurately convey the content, based on their specifics, respect. For example: let’s look at the word “special region”: in May 1980, the Chinese government announced its intention to determine known volumes, introduce advanced technologies from developed countries, study the features of their management by the location of four large cities located on the seashore in southeast China, exceptional concessions were considered and they began to pursue a policy of a free economic zone, which was later simplified and kalyptas[tèqū] became an “exclusive area”. Another example is that the Chinese government, in an effort to curb the abnormal increase in the country’s population, obliged men and women to be supervised by a well-known government over the age of creation of life, the kissing season and the birth of one child. This policy was called zhosparlyin. [jìhuà shēngyù] “flag of the plan”. As a result of this policy, the general generation of newlyweds who opened the doors of life was expressed by the word 独子子. [dúshēngzi n n] “only child”.

Secondly, it is formed by a new transformation of already existing words. Let’s say, “food in a big cauldron”, the word present in this impression meant food cooked in a big cauldron. Subsequently, having received a new political significance, each person began to represent the balance of his share. The phenomenon that gives a universal, equal share without taking into account more or less merit, regardless of what the peasants who did their work in society were, was called “dining in a big cauldron”. XI [[XiǎO huángdì] “little king” is a long–used word meaning small, small and meaning king. However, as we have already said, as a result of a planned birth in China, the only move in every family born, because of the extreme handshakes of parents, grandparents, he began to grow disobedient, arrogant, selfish, randomly spraying money, getting what he wants. Here is such a shore, equating to itself the only child who grows up, the Bolds [XiǎO huángdì] began to be called the “little king”. Such new words can now be found in large numbers in the Chinese language.

Thirdly, another part of the new words in the Chinese language, formed by the reduction and shortening of some long words. For example: sozi [fùnóng] the word “accompanying the poor” comes from an abbreviation of the name, which refers to the political representation of the influential Chinese government that mesheu accompanied the developed poor regions so that they could quickly escape poverty using various approaches. Similarly, in this term, tuyndysy [xiānjìn gè rén], which honors excellent students and Heroes of Labor who attract the attention of the government by showing exceptional heroism in production and activity, is derived from the abbreviation of the word “heroic and outstanding personalities”. Yksh [[pjjí kēxué], used for the purpose of generalization, transfer of the latest achievements of science to the population as a whole, is a simplified expression of the name “generalization of scientific knowledge”. Modern words created in this way are becoming more common in the Chinese language.

Fourth, based on the sound translation of names in foreign languages. The Chinese language as a whole is a language that has firmly preserved its linguistic purity. The main reason for this, first of all, in the grammatical specifics of the language, Now, on the one hand, is that the Chinese nation can easily distinguish and correctly pronounce sounds in other languages. In addition, add to any new phenomena a national psychology striving to ensure that their language is as pure as possible, with immediate names and titles, such a situation prevented the huge penetration of foreign names. However, at the present stage of the development of science and technology, new words from foreign languages began to appear in Chinese. For example, the “Caraoke” technique, which first appeared in Japan in the 70s of the XX century and subsequently received worldwide recognition, was added to the Chinese language 卡拉ok [kǎlā OK]. The popular drink of America “Coca Cola” became audarma [kěkukukělè] in Chinese by sound translation. Pizza [bssà] is a kind of Italian cuisine of the same name, through pizza also entered the Chinese language by sound translation. Such words from foreign languages are not limited to this. Many more examples can be given. 维生 [ [[wéishēngsù]” vitamin”, A [AĪ P L Lín] “aspirin”,. [dísīkē]” disco”, etc. As society develops, many new thoughts and new tendencies appear. When unprecedented things are produced in every sphere concerning human life, they are immediately reflected in the mass media. There are also natural, slang, dialect words and translated words that are combined into the main direction of the language. Language is a mirror of society, reflecting all changes. Therefore, the translation of neologisms becomes a big problem even for the most professional translators.

The main object of research during the project is New words in newspaper journalism.  The role of neologisms in newspaper journalism will be considered in the following terms: review of neologisms and newspaper journalism, the emergence and reflection of journalistic trends, principles and objectivity of journalistic trends, neologisms in the media, the role and main idea of neologisms in newspaper journalism.

In the information age, a large number of messages are spreading rapidly, new concepts and ideas are emerging. And it is necessary to turn information into a means of dissemination. As new concepts and ideas appear and develop, new words and phrases appear.

The function of language is to transmit and disseminate ideas. This was the beginning of a personal breakup. Thus, the invention of the newspaper moved away from personal relationships and assumed the role of a “continuation of man”, violating the limitations of time and space. New words and phrases are a dynamic system that is constantly changing, and in general their special influence is manifested mainly in the following aspects:

1. The appearance of many new words and phrases has significantly enriched the vocabulary of the modern Chinese language. He satisfied the pragmatic needs of people in modern society in expressing their meaning. According to a study by the Institute of Applied Language of the State Language Commission, about 1,000 neologisms appear in modern Chinese every year. If you count new words that are not taken into account, the total number will be significantly more.

2. expanding the ways of forming the vocabulary of the Chinese language and the sources of discourse.

3. the emergence of new words, new meanings and new uses often leads to a number of new changes in the vocabulary of the language.

4. The results of linguistic research have shown that human languages are characterized by a number of universal phenomena, including that the vocabulary of all languages can be expanded, and all languages undergo ephemeral changes. The novelty of neologisms lies in the fact that they are constantly in a changing state, constantly releasing new members to replace new ideas that have been corrupted or outdated. This is especially evident in Chinese. For example, sozi [biànliǎn] the word “change face” is a typical word in the media that uses old words to give new meanings. This may be due to specific morphological changes, such as the [chéngshì JiāotōNg dàbiàn Liǎn] “the appearance of urban transport has changed dramatically” or 四六级英语考试变脸 [chéngshì JiāotōNg dàbiàn LiǎN] “face change in the 4th or 6th level English exam”. Consequently, the change of everything, from form to content, can be designated by the term “page change”. Thus, in a sense, the meaning and use of this word are always in a changing state, and this list can be continued.

5. The imbalance in the general development of new words and new languages manifests itself mainly in the form of an imbalance between the derived method and the source of the language. In the new period after the reforms and openness of the People’s Republic of China, compared with the previous period, the share of English borrowings, imitations, abbreviations, letter words, Chinese and Western mixed words and mathematical words in the new dictionary has increased significantly. The Internet, campuses, mass media and youth have become the basis for the creation and use of new words, as well as the uneven development of various parts of speech in new words and new languages. According to the statistics of the paper corpus, the growth of new nouns and the loss of old ones on average exceeds 60%.

Nouns in neologisms are preferred because they are very common. In addition, many continuous neologisms have appeared – 评估 “evaluation”,.”sale”,. “deception”, etc. [5, p. 88] the popularity and popularity rate of new words and new formations are unbalanced. The imbalance between the survival and decline of neologisms and neologisms is mainly manifested in the long-term viability of some, and in some -in brevity. Based on the current pragmatic situation, some neologisms, such as “cool”, have become less popular, and their viability may be short-lived; they have become popular and unpopular, and their viability may last longer.

As a rule, the composition of new words and new languages, such as the four above-mentioned paragraphs, was expressed in various forms. The speed is so high that people can’t wait for new words and new languages to appear like a wave, which will undoubtedly have a huge impact on language life and language research.

Conclusion. The extensive use of Chinese neologisms in modern media reflects China’s multifaceted growth and impact on the world. These new words and phrases not only serve as a linguistic bridge to understanding the country’s culture and technology but also highlight China’s rising prominence in global affairs. As the global media landscape continues to evolve, the role of Chinese neologisms in shaping and expressing ideas cannot be underestimated. They are a testament to the ever-changing nature of language, culture, and technology in today’s interconnected world. Neologisms are used in various fields, such as politics, science, technology, culture, education, social life, etc. Neologisms related to social life, which account for about 30% of all neologisms, occupy the first place in the list. In second place are neologisms about politics, about 22%, followed by neologisms about economics, which make up about 16%. This is followed by neologisms about culture and technology.

During the project, the importance of traditional newspaper media was widely considered. There are a lot more neologisms in newspapers, which benefits people who receive daily messages. Newspapers perform six main functions: dissemination of information, education, leadership, information, entertainment and control of public opinion, of which dissemination of information is the most basic function. Despite the fact that countless amounts of information are received via the Internet in the information world, traditional newspapers are in great demand due to their portability and proven sources.

In conclusion, since this project has a wide range of studies, we are thinking about further study of the project. We hope that in the future we will take up this project and study it from a new angle.

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